Sow seeds 1cm deep in modules or small pots filled with seed compost. Keep moist and warm (around 18-21°C) for germination. Grow on in cool, bright, frost-free conditions.

Harden off seedlings for 7-10 days before planting. Plant out into final position when they have 4-5 true leaves, spacing 45-60cm apart. Water in well. (Direct sowing outdoors is possible from April-June, after last frost).

Fit brassica collars around stems at soil level to deter Cabbage Root Fly. Cover plants with fine insect-proof mesh (or fleece) immediately after planting to prevent Cabbage White Butterflies laying eggs.

Once plants are established (approx. 3-4 weeks after transplanting), apply a balanced liquid feed or high-nitrogen feed (like chicken manure pellets) to encourage leafy growth. Repeat as needed per instructions.

Water thoroughly after transplanting and maintain consistent soil moisture, especially during dry periods and as the main head starts forming. Avoid waterlogging but don't let soil dry out completely.

Regularly check under netting for caterpillars (Cabbage Whites) and aphids. Look for signs of clubroot (wilting, swollen roots) - ensure good crop rotation. Remove any yellowing lower leaves.

Cut the central head with a sharp knife when it is well-developed and firm, but *before* the individual florets start to open or turn yellow. Cut with about 15cm of stem attached.

After cutting the main head, many Calabrese varieties produce smaller side shoots (spears) from the leaf axils. Continue to harvest these regularly over several weeks while they are young and tender.