
Lactuca sativa
A fast-growing leafy green vegetable with crisp, tender leaves. Lettuce comes in many varieties including butterhead, romaine, leaf, and iceberg types. It's a cool-season crop that thrives in spring and fall, offering mild to slightly bitter flavors depending on the variety.
Step-by-step instructions for growing Lettuce
Change the guide to see different planting timelines and tips.
Grow loose-leaf lettuce varieties for repeated harvesting of outer leaves over a long season.
Sow seeds thinly in rows or containers from 19th March - 30th April. Barely cover them with of compost, as they need light to germinate. Water gently and keep the soil cool; seeds won't germinate well if soil temperatures exceed .
Thin seedlings to apart when they have their first true leaves, around 23rd April - 30th April. Use the thinnings as microgreens. This gives remaining plants room to develop.
Protect young plants from slugs and snails from 30th April - 14th May. Use organic methods like beer traps, copper tape, or hand-picking in the evening. Check regularly, especially after rain.
Water plants regularly to keep the soil consistently moist from 29th September - 14th May. Dry soil can cause lettuce to bolt prematurely. Water at the base to avoid wetting the leaves, which helps prevent fungal diseases.
Start harvesting outer leaves from 29th September - 24th May. Pick leaves when they're large enough to use, cutting them near the base. Leave the central growing point intact so the plant continues producing new leaves.
Popular varieties of Lettuce to consider
A compact Cos variety with sweet, crisp hearts. Ideal for small spaces and containers, maturing quickly.
A heritage butterhead lettuce dating back to the 1850s. Produces tennis-ball sized heads with soft, buttery leaves and sweet flavour. Perfect for small gardens, raised beds, and containers. Matures quickly in 6-7 weeks. Cold-hardy and excels in spring and autumn plantings.
A loose-leaf lettuce with frilly, red-edged leaves. Excellent for cut-and-come-again harvesting and adds colour to salads.
A crisphead lettuce forming tight, crunchy heads. Requires a longer growing season but stores well after harvesting.