Swede

Swedes in Bath

Brassica napus subsp. napobrassica

A hardy root crop for the UK, swedes do best in firm, fertile soil that has been well dug and cleared of stones. Sow outdoors in late spring to early summer, thin carefully, and keep the plants covered with fine mesh to reduce cabbage root fly damage. Lift roots from autumn onwards, and leave some in the ground where the soil drains well for harvests through winter.

Height40cm
SunlightFull Sun
WaterModerate Water

Growing Guide

Step-by-step instructions for growing Swede

Planting Calendar

Seed DirectLater
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
HarvestLater
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
MaintenanceNow
J
F
M
A
M
J
J
A
S
O
N
D
  1. Prepare the Bed

    30 Mar – 13 Apr

    Dig the soil deeply and remove stones, then rake it to a fine, even finish for 30th March - 13th April. Do not add fresh manure, as it can make roots fork and split.

  2. Sow Seeds

    6 Apr – 11 May
    every 3 weeks

    Sow seeds thinly in shallow drills around 6th April - 11th May, then water the row in well. Keep the soil moist while seedlings establish, and sow a second short row 21 days later if you want a longer harvest period.

  3. Protect from Pests

    6 Apr – 11 May

    Cover the bed with fine insect-proof mesh from 6th April straight after sowing. Seal the edges well to keep out cabbage root fly and remove the cover only for weeding or thinning.

  4. Thin Seedlings

    14 May – 21 May

    From 14th May - 21st May, thin seedlings gradually to the final spacing so the roots can swell properly. Water the bed first, then remove the weakest plants with a small pull rather than disturbing the rest.

  5. Water and Weed

    21 May – 20 Nov
    every 2 weeks

    From 21st May to 20th November, keep the bed evenly moist in dry spells and hoe off weeds before they compete with the crop. Check the mesh stays tight after rain and wind, and water at the base rather than over the foliage.

  6. Harvest Roots

    21 Aug – 20 Mar

    Lift roots from 21st August once they are a good size, then keep harvesting through 20th March. In light, free-draining soil you can leave some in the ground and take them as needed, but lift them before the roots become coarse.

Companion Plants

Tap a plant to see why it works (or doesn't) with Swede.

Good companions

Plants to avoid

Why companion planting matters

Companion planting can deter pests, improve pollination, and make better use of space. Some plants confuse pests or attract beneficial insects; others improve soil or offer shade to neighbours that need it.

Suggested Varieties

Popular varieties of Swede to consider

Joan

A reliable modern swede with good-sized, round roots and steady autumn cropping.

Best of All

An old favourite with good flavour and dependable roots for the kitchen garden.

Marian

A hardy, well-fleshed variety suited to UK conditions and winter harvesting.

Also in nearby towns

See how Swede timing shifts in other towns with different frost dates.